Lesson 56 Vocabulary
English word English Definition English Example sentence
1 a power plant a building or group of buildings that produces electricity Most power plants use coal or oil to make electricity.
2 to generate power to create electricity The power plant generated power using coal.
3 to produce energy to create any kind of fuel to be used for making energy If we turned all of the old fryer oil into diesel fuel, we could produce a lot of our own energy.
4 to go critical of a nuclear power plant, to become dangerous due to a malfunction The nuclear power plant went critical, so all the staff had to be evacuated.
5 to rupture to split open or crack The dome of the reactor ruptured and lots of radioactive steam escaped.
6 a core the center of a nuclear reactor, where the radioactive materials are kept The sensors failed, so it was very hard to determine what was going on in the core of the reactor
7 a fuel rod a bar made of radioactive metal that is used to produce heat in a nuclear power plant Fuel rods can produce immense amounts of heat for many years.
8 to be nuclear to be somehow connected with radioactivity or energy production that relies on nuclear reactions It was a nuclear power plant, so the residents of the town opposed it.
9 to be radioactive of a material, to emit radiation Even after fuel rods are spent, they continue to be radioactive for hundreds of years.
10 to irradiate ~ to expose something to radiation To kill bacteria, meat and herbs are sometimes irradiated.
11 radioactivity a state in which a material produces invisible waves that damage living things There was a lot of natural radioactivity in the region, therefore residents were advised not to drink the groundwater.
12 radioactive waste garbage or by-products produced by a nuclear power plant that emit radiation One of the most important questions of our time is where to put all of the radioactive waste.
13 a half life the period of time in which a radioactive material becomes half as radioactive as it was in the beginning Some radioactive materials have a half life of hundreds of years.
14 fission power production that relies on joining two atoms together in order to produce heat Nuclear fusion is still a dream, but scientists are studying it with the hope of making it a reality.
15 to have a meltdown when the heat reaction at a nuclear power plant runs out of control and causes a disaster The Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant had a meltdown following the tsunami.
16 to shut down ~ to close or cease operation of a power plant After the Fukushima disaster, governments of many countries shut down their nuclear power plants.
17 to contaminate ~ to make something dirty or dangerous Radioactive water may be leaking out of the holding tanks and contaminating the groundwater.
18 exposure to ~ time spent in contact with something You should try to limit your exposure to radiation; don't get unnecessary x-rays.
19 plutonium a radioactive metal used for fuel in nuclear power plants Plutonium is very rare in nature, so mining it is very difficult.
20 a geiger counter an instrument used to measure the amount of radiation in an area After the nuclear meltdown, many citizens bought geiger counters so they could check their food and homes for radiation.
21 a hot spot an area featuring unusually high levels of radiation Fukushima has become a hot spot for radiation.